Which medication category is commonly used to treat urge incontinence by reducing bladder contractions?

• A. Urodynamic Testing
• B. Bladder Diary
• C. Anticholinergics
• D. Indwelling Catheters

Answer: (C)

Reducing detrusor contractions to prevent involuntary leakage is accomplished with anticholinergic medications. These drugs block muscarinic receptors on the bladder’s detrusor muscle, dampening the spontaneous contractions that cause urgency. By gentler detrusor activity, the bladder can store more urine and leakage during urges decreases, which is the goal in urge incontinence.

This approach aligns with the pathophysiology of urge incontinence, where detrusor overactivity drives symptoms. Common anticholinergics used for this purpose include agents like oxybutynin, tolterodine, solifenacin, and darifenacin. Be mindful of potential side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, and cognitive effects in older adults, and monitor for urinary retention or interactions with other anticholinergic medicines.

Why the other items aren’t the answer: diagnostic tests or diary tools describe assessment rather than treatment for reducing bladder contractions, and indwelling catheters provide drainage rather than addressing the underlying detrusor overactivity.